Shoe Structure

 

I. Shoe upper
The general term for the overall external components of shoes. It includes the shoe insole, the front side of the shoe, the tongue, the transverse gallbladder, the inner and outer parts of the middle, the back cover, the shoe mouth rolling strip, and the elastic band.

 

1. Shoe bladder area:
The upper part of the shoe (i.e. the back of the foot) is the most prominent part of the shoe upper, and the high-quality leather and style changes are usually reflected in the shoe lining during production.

 

2. Front side body parts:
Located on both sides of the shoe bladder, it is divided into inner and outer measurements. Its bottom is glued into the sole, and its upper part is connected to the shoe bladder, wrapping around the front two sides of the human foot. It bears the maximum squeezing force given by the human body, so it is the part that best reflects the comfort of the shoe and is also the part that is most prone to quality problems.

 

3. Tongue area:
The connecting part of the shoe bladder is the part of the shoe bladder that extends towards the back of the foot. The function of the tongue is to closely adhere to the upper back of the foot, making it less likely to fall off, while also beautifying the upper of the shoe. The smooth and upright appearance of the tongue reflects the overall spirit of the shoe.

 

4. Horizontal gallbladder: a horizontal decorative strip located at the connection between the tongue and the gallbladder, used for:
① Cover the connection seam between the shoe lining and the sloping body;
② The change in the style of the horizontal gallbladder serves as the finishing touch for the shoe design;
③ Further tighten the feet to prevent them from falling off easily.

 

5. Middle upper and outer waist area: located in the inner and outer foot sockets of the human foot, it comfortably wraps around the middle of the human foot, connecting the front upper, back cover, and bottom, playing a connecting role.

 

6. Rear cover area:
The part that wraps around the heel of a person is made in a circular arc shape according to the shape of the heel. One side covers the heel to prevent it from falling off, while the other side cannot be wrapped too tightly to avoid "kicking".

 

7. Rolling strip:
It wraps around the exposed leather cutting edge of the shoe mouth, which not only makes the leather less prone to rapid wear and tear, but also prevents the shoe from extending and deforming. Generally, thin leather or wear-resistant PU is cut into strips and wrapped around the shoe mouth for cutting, so it is called "wrapping edge strip", commonly known as "rolling edge strip".

 

8. Elastic band location: divided into external and internal elastic bands. The external elastic band is located on both sides of the tongue, and the internal elastic band is located at the junction of the tongue and the shoe bladder inside the shoe cavity. Its purpose is to increase the elasticity of the shoe, making it easy to wear and less likely to fall off.

 

II. Shoe interior: A general term for the overall internal components of a shoe, including the shoe interior, Hong Kong Treasure, and other accessories.

 

1. Shoe lining:
Divided into front upper, middle upper, and back cover, all made of thin and breathable pigskin and sheepskin. There are also a few high-end shoes that use cowhide. When making, the front, middle, and back components are sewn according to established specifications and combined with the shoe upper material. It is important to note that anti suede is generally used in the back cover to increase the friction between the heel and the shoe, which is beneficial for preventing feet from falling off while walking.

 

2. Toe Support:
Commonly known as "toe support", it is made of a special material and placed between the inner part of the toe and back cover of the shoe and the upper of the shoe during shoe making. Its purpose is to support the toe and tail of the shoe to prevent deformation, equivalent to the role of a suit's "shoulder lining".

 

3. Other auxiliary materials:
There are mainly lining fabrics, needle tied cotton, reinforcement bands, etc., all placed between the inner lining and the shoe upper to assist in shaping, enhance hand feel, and strengthen tension.

 

III, Sole: A collective term for the overall bottom material of shoes, including outsole, midsole, and footrest

 

1. Outsole:
The visible parts of the sole components that come into direct contact with the ground are mainly made of rubber, TPR | PU, and other materials. It includes:
① Film: the part of the front of the bottom that contacts the ground and the part on the waist of the bottom;
② Heel: The part of the sole that comes into contact with the ground;
③ Tianpi: applied to the heel of the shoe to enhance durability;
④ Edge strip: pasted between the upper and sole of the shoe, used for waterproofing, strengthening adhesion and aesthetics.

 

2. Midsole:
The part of the sole component that is not visible to the naked eye, located between the insole and outsole, is made of special materials and has a steel bar at the waist that conforms to the curvature of the human foot, called the hook center or "waist iron". The function of the midsole is to make the sole firm and not easily deformed.

 

3. Footsteps:
The part of the sole component that directly contacts the foot is covered with soft EVA (a synthetic material similar to foam) on the side facing the midsole. The function of the foot pad is to make the foot comfortable and breathable when worn.

 

 

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